American Enterprise human resources management model features

By: Gould.D St. Bartholomew's School of Business, 20 St. Bartholomew抯 Close, City University, London EC1 A7QN, United Kingdom.

Keywords: Human Resources Traing; Corporate Culture; Human Resources Management; United States

Human resources of the market economy
U.S. market economy largely depends on the labor market for human resources of the market economy. The labor market is the United States human resources allocation of the main venues, human resources and the distribution of the market are the United States human resources management model of the most notable features. In the United States, the human resources of the market economy mainly represent the following two aspects:

a). Human resources of the market economy. Various American employment agencies, in particular the companies are usually used to the labor market needs of personal information, it goes on to the market open, fair and full two-way choice of methods for various staff recruitment and hiring. Almost all the potential labor force realize formal employment  through the labor market , If they realize their own interest and expertise attitude new self-awareness or find the labor market to provide more new satisfying career opportunities, People will be able to achieve the labor market  vocational mobile or job changes. Market-oriented mechanism gives individuals the ability to achieve occupational mobility or conversion of staff sufficient respect and recognition.

b). The level of wages and prices of human resources that the market decides. In the United States, various employment agencies, in particular the enterprises typically use market mechanism to decide on various levels of staff wages and prices level. First, according to the reproduction of labor costs and the labor market supply and demand and the supply and demand balance, develop various levels and types, management posts and technical workers, or other status wages and prices, it is the decision of various types of human resources level of wages basis. Then, the principle that the enterprise attract talent, and maintain external competitiveness and internal balance is referenced to the relevant labor market status of the latest wage price levels, determined the enterprises of various types of positions wages and prices. Finally, both employers and employees after wage negotiations with the contract identify mutually acceptable level of wages and prices.

In the United States, the level of wages of staff members is adjusted usually once a year. To improve staff wages adjusted rational and scientific, and truly outstanding achievement for staff motivation and reward, many enterprises in wages for the staff to make adjustments in their decisions, they usually consider the following three factors:

(a)    The labor market changes in the level of wages and prices;

(b)   The consumer price index changes;

(c) Performance assessment methods to assess employee performance. The market mechanism to dynamically adjust the allocation of human resources supply and demand and decided to various types of human resources wage price levels.

Of course, the manpower resources of the market economy means are not also some not perfect, such as the use of human resources is far from adequating, labor market development and changes in the demand for labor remained relatively stagnant, labor conflicts, racial discrimination and unequal opportunities. Therefore, in the new Keynesian doctrine of the government should strengthen macro-control, appropriate intervention under the guidance of economic theory, Apart from the United States government to support union power in the allocation of human resources and the level of wages and prices negotiated adjustments, also go through legislation and development of relevant laws and regulations, the labor market price level wages, fair employment, improving labor market services, the unemployed and social security aspects of the macro, appropriate intervention and regulation. To continuously improve the operation of the labor market norms level.

In addition, the United States government set up specialized agencies to regulate or coordinate labor relations and human resources, such as wage levels. If the Ministry time ranging from one week to one year.

General Motors Corporation is clear that staff training of Labor Employment Standards Administration under wages and working hours and wages Appeals Board, federal and state governments set up by the Labor Relations Committee.

The globalization of human resources introduction
Recently the United States in the past 50 years as economic strength and scientific and technical aspects of the world-class power, one important reason for globalization is the way to other countries in the world to introduce the excellent human resources. Immigrants in the United States to ensure appropriate growth of the labor force, especially the accumulation talents play a very important role.
As the United States to implement a more complete market economic system, the relative fair competitive environment, the high level of economic development; The United States is the world's advanced science and technology and improving the conditions for the development of education, talents easier to be good training, and in the field of science and technology is a good development; American tolerant multi-ethnic culture, and the ability to attract more inclusive world of color, race, various types of talents. Globalization of the United States to countries in the world to introduce the excellent human resources.

Globalization means the United States to introduce the excellent human resources, a lot of world-class scientists and engineers, in chemistry, physics, biology, mathematics and electronics, information and other subjects, with technology leading the world level. In 1946 to 1983 between the United States with chemical, physical, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine aspects of the 127 scientists is 40% immigrants from the other countries introduced. Foreign scientists and engineers about technology nationwide total of 20%, while in the United States the big companies, large enterprises, foreign scientists and engineers for all technical personnel more than half of the total. Globalization means the United States to introduce human resources for the United States to the rapid economic development has made an outstanding contribution to the win successive American President's recognition and commendation. And the United States National Science Foundation also admitted "the United States throughout the industry was highly dependent on foreign intelligence workers."

The United States finds itself in the third wave of migrants, the introduction of a large number of high-level knowledge of human resources.

[ Last edited by  gould024 at 14-6-2007 08:21 PM ]