Computer Glossary

HangPC2

AAC        Advanced Audio Coding
AC        Alternating Current
AC'97        Audio Codec '97
ACPI        Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ACR        Advanced Communications Riser
ADPCM        Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
AFS        Andrew File System
AGP        Accelerated Graphics Port
AI        Artificial Intelligence
ALU        Arithmetic-Logic Unit
AM        Amplitude Modulated
AMD        Advance Micro Devices, Inc.
AMI        American Megatrends Inc.
AMR        Audio Modem Riser
ANSI        American National Standards Institute
APIC        Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
APIPA        Automatic Private IP Addressing
APM        Advanced Power Management
ASCII        American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASIC        Application Specific Integrated Circuit
ASPI        Advanced SCSI Programming Interface
AT        Advanced Technology
ATA        AT Attachment
ATAPI        ATA Packet Interface
ATM        Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATX        AT eXtended
BBS        Bulletin Board System
BCD        Binary Coded Decimal
BGA        Ball Grid Array
BIOS        Basic Input/Output System
BIOS        Basic Input / Output System
BMB        Baseboard Management Bus
BNC        Bayonet Nut Connector
BPS/bps        Bytes/bits Per Second
BSC        Binary Synchronous Communications
BSD        Berkeley Standard Distribution
BTU        British Thermal Units
CAD        Computer Aided Design
CAM        Computer Aided Manufacturing
CAS        Column Access Strobe
CAV        Constant Angular Velocity
CCD        Charge Coupled Device
CDROM        Compact Disk Read Only Memory
CGA        Color Graphics Adapter
CHS        Cylinder-Head-Sector
CISC        Complex Instruction-Set Computer
CLV        Constant Linear Velocity
CMOS        Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
CNR        Communication and Networking Riser
CP/M        Control Program / Monitor
CPI        Clocks Per Instruction
CPU        Central Processing Unit
CRC        Cyclical Redundancy Check
CRT        Cathode Ray Tube
CS        Cable Select
CSS        Content Scrambling System
DAT        Digital Audio Tape
DBMS        DataBase Management System
DC        Direct Current
DD        Double Density
DDO        Dynamic Drive Overlay
DDR        Double Data Rate
DEC        Digital Equipment Corporation
DES        Data Encryption Standard
DIMM        Dual Inline Memory Module
DIP        Dual-In-line Package
DLL        Dynamic Link Library
DLP        Digital Light Processing
DMA        Direct Memory Access
DMD        Digital Micromirror Device
DMI        Desktop Management Interface
DNS        Domain Name Server
DOS        Disk Operating System
DP        Dual Processor
DRAM        Dynamic Random Access Memory
DSP        Digital Signal Processor
DSW        DIP Switches
DTS        Digital Theatre System
DVD        Digital Versatile Disk
ECC        Error Check and Correction
ECP        Extended Capability Port
ECP        Enhanced Communication Port
EDO        Extended Data Out
EEPROM        Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EGA        Enhanced Graphics Adapter
EIA        Electronic Industries Association
EIDE        Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics
EISA        Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture
EMF        Electro-Magnetic Force
EMI        Electro-Magnetic Interference
EOF        End Of File
EOL        End Of Line
EOS        Electrical Over Stress
EPP        Enhanced Parallel Port
EPP        Enhanced Parallel Port
EPROM        Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
ESCD        Extended System Configuration Data
ESD        Electro-Static Discharge
ESDI        Enhanced Small Devices Interface
FAT        File Allocation Table
FC-PGA        Flip Chip Pin Grid Array
FDD        Floppy Disk Drive
FDDI        Fiber Distributed Data Interface
FDM        Frequency Division Multiplexing
FDX        Full-Duplex Transmission
FIFO        First-In First-Out
FILO        First-In Last-Out
FM        Frequency Modulation
FPM        Fast Page Mode
FPU        Floating Point Unit
FSB        Front Side Bus
FTP        File Transfer Protocol
FWH        FirmWare Hub
GART        Graphics Address Remapping Table
GAS        Gallium Arsenide
GDI        Graphical Display Interface
GFLOPS        Billions of FLOating Point Operations Per Second (GigaFlops)
GPU        Graphics Processing Unit
GUI        Graphical User Interface
HDD        Hard Disk Drive
HDX        Half-Duplex Transmission
HID        Human Interface Devices
HomePNA        Home Phone-line Networking Alliance
HomeRF        Home Radio Frequency
HP        Hewlett Packard
HPFS        High Performance File System
HRTF        Head-Related Transfer Functions
HT        Hyperthreading Technology
HTML        Hyper Text Markup Language
I/O        Input / Output
I2C        Intelligent Controller
IBM        International Business Machines Corporation
IC        Integrated Circuit
IC        Integrated Circuit
IDE        Integrated Drive Electronics
IEEE        Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IMP        Interface Message Processor
IP        Internet Protocol
IPX        Inter network Packet eXchange
IrDA        Infrared Data Association
IRQ        Interupt ReQuest
ISA        Industry Standard Architecture
ISDN        Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO        International Standards Organisation
LAN        Local Area Network
LBA        Logical Block Addressing
LCD        Liquid Crystal Display
LED        Light Emitting Diode
LPC        Low Pin Count
LPT Port        Line PrinTer Port
LUN        Logical Unit Number
MAC        Media Access Control
MAN        Metropolitan Area Network
MAU        Multiple Access Unit
MB/Mb        Mega Bytes/bits
MBR        Master Boot Record
MCGA        Multi-Colour Graphics Array
MCH        Memory Controller Hub
MCM        Multi-Chip Module
MFLOPS        Millions of FLOating Point Operations per Second (MegaFlops)
MHz        MegaHertz
MIDI        Musical Instrument Digital Interface
MIPS        Millions of Instructions per Second
MISD        Multiple-Instruction Single Data
MMU        Memory Management Unit
MMX        MultiMedia eXtension
MNP        Microcom Network Protocol
MODEM        MOdulator / DEModulator
MOPS        Millions of Operations Per Second
MOS        Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
MP        Multi-Processor
MS        Microsoft Corporation
MSDOS        Microsoft's Disk Operating System
MTH        Memory Translator Hub
NIC        Network Interface Card
NMOS        Negatively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
NSF        National Science Foundation
NTFS        New Technology FAT System
NTSC        National Television System Committee
NVRAM        NonVolatile Random Access Memory
O/C        Overclock
OEM        Original Equipment Manufacturer
OS        Operating System
OSPM        OS direct Power Management
PAC        PCI AGP Controller
PAL        Phase Alternation Line
PBX        Private Branch eXtender
PC        Personal Computer
PCB        Printed Circuit Board
PCI Bus        Peripheral Component Interconnect Local Bus
PCL        Printer Control Language
PCM        Pulse Code Modulation
PCMCIA        Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PGA        Pin Grid Array
PIC        Programmable Interrupt Controller
PIO        Programmable I/O
PLCC        Plastic Leadless Chip Carriers
PnP        Plug and Play
POST        Power On Self Test
PROM        Programmable Read Only Memory
PSIPC        PCI Super I/O Integrated Peripheral Controller
PSU        Power Supply Unit
RAID        Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
RAM        Random Access Memory
RAMDAC        RAM Digital-to-Analog Convertor
RAS        Row Access Strobe
RDRAM        Rambus DRAM
RFI        Radio Frequency Interference
RIMM        Rambus Inline Memory Module
RISC        Reduced Instruction-Set Computer
RMS        Root Mean Squared
RMW        Read Modify Write
ROM        Read Only Memory
RPM        Revolutions per Minute
SACD        Super Audio CD
SBA        SideBand Addressing
SCSI        Small Computer System Interface
SCSI        Small Computer Systems Interface
SDRAM        Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
SEC        Single Edge Contact
SFF        Small Form Factor
SGRAM        Synchronous Graphics RAM
SIMD        Single-Instruction Multiple-Data
SIMM        Single Inline Memory Module
SIPP        Single Inline Pinned Package
SISD        Single-Instruction Single-Data
SLIP        Serial Line Internet Protocol
SMP        Symmetric MultiProcessor
SMT        Symmetric Multi-Threading
SNR        Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SOIC        Small Outline Integrated Circuit
SPD        Serial Presence Detect
SPOOL        Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On Line
SPU        Single Processor Unit
SSE        Streaming SIMD Extensions
STN        Super-Twisted Nematics
STP        Shielded Twisted-Pair
SVGA        Super Video Graphics Array
T&L        Transform & Lighting
TCP/IP        Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
TFT        Thin Film Transistor
UART        Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
UC        Uncacheable
UPS        Uninteruptible Power Supply
USB        Universal Serial Bus
USL        UNIX System Labs
USWC        Uncacheable, Speculative Write Combining
UTP        Unshielded Twisted-Pair
VCD        Video CD
VCR        Video Cassette Recorder
VESA        Video Enhanced Standards Association
VGA        Video Graphics Array
VM        Virtual Memory
VRAM        Video Random Access Memory
VTR        Video Tape Recorder
WAN        Wide Area Network
WD        Western Digital
WLAN        Wireless LAN
WOL        Wake-up On LAN
XGA        eXtended Graphics Array
XMS        Extended Memory Specification
XOR        Exclusive-OR

[ Last edited by Sarah_Radzi on 25-3-2004 at 01:02 PM ]

bzzts

mekasih le... penat aku nak hafal... :kant:

erk, definition dia lagi... function dia lagi... :kant: :kant:

sharpman

perghh.... Dictionary

H猷L鰃頧

Bit ;
Binary digit kod 1 & 0

Byte
1 byte = 8 bit [ 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ]

Kilobyte (Kb)
1 Kilobyte = 1024 byte

Megabyte (Mb)
1 Megabyte = 1024Kilbyte

Gigabyte (Gb)
1 Gigabyte = 1024 Megabyte

Terrabyte (Tb)
1 Terrabyte = 1024 Gigabyte

lepas terrabyte ape lagi yaa?

peace

jadi MOBO , MOBO yang korang selalu guna tu adalah istilah tak rasmi korang kat sini lah ye? aku ingatkan  istilah MOBO tu memang standard satu dunia..

nuckletight

errkk..aku pung dulu ingat Mobo tuh kucing..

:stp::stp:

H猷L鰃頧

Thetabyte (gaknyelaaa)

Originally posted by Minah_Flunxy at 25-3-2004 08:37 PM:
lepas terrabyte ape lagi yaa?

aries_642003

Tak reti haku semua ni...yang haku tau bukak tutup...dan pakai...masalah kalu panggil FSE..

Itu aje yang tau...

Orait

setahu saya

byte
kilobyte
megabyte
gigabyte
terrabyte
exabyte
yottabyte

ACK - (acknowledgement)
   A type of message sent to indicate that a block of data
   arrived at its destination without error.

ADN - (Advanced Digital Network)
   Usually refers to a 56Kbs leased-line

Address
   There are three type of addresses in common use with the
   internet. They are Email address, IP address, and MAC
   address. (See these terms for their definitions).

ADSL - (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)
   A DSL line where the upload speed is different fom the
   download speed. Usually the download speed is much greater.

Agent
   In the client-server model, the part of the system that
   performs information preperation on behalf of a client or
   server application.

Alias
   A name, usually short and easy to remember, that is translated
   into another name, usually long and difficult to remember.

Anonymous FTP
   See "FTP".

Applet
   A small Java program that can be embedded into an HTML page.
   Applets differ from full-fledged Java applications in that
   they are not allowed to access certain resources on the local
   computer, such as files and serial devices and prohibited from
   communicating with other computers across a network. The
   common rule is that an applet can only make an internet
   connection to the computer from which the applet was sent.

Appletalk
   A networking protocol developed by Apple Computer for
   communication between Apple computer products and other
   computers.This protocol is independent of the network
   layer on which it is run.

Application
   A program that performs a function directly for a user. FTP,
   Email, and Telnet are examples of network applications.

API - (Application Program Interface)
   A set of calling conventions which define how a service
   is invoked through a software package.

Archie
   A tool for finding files stored on anonymous FTP sites. You
   need to know the exact file name or a substring of it. Archie
   has been replaced by web-based search engines.

Archive Site
   A machine that provides access to a collection of files across
   the internet. An anonymous FTP archive site, for example,
   provides access to this material via the FTP protocol.

ARP - (Address Resolution Protocol)
   Used to dynamically discover the low level physical network
   hardware address that corresponds to the high level IP address
   for a given host. ARP is limited to physical network systems
   that support broadcast packets that can be heard by all hosts
   on the network.

ARPANet - (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)
   The procurser to the internet. Developed in the late 60's and
   early 70's by the Department of Defense as an experiment in
   wide-area networking to connect together computers that were
   each running differetn systems so that people at one location
   could use computing resources from another location.

ASCII - (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
   This is the defacto world-wide standard for the code numbers
   used by computers to represent all the upper and lower-case
   Latin letters, numbers, punctuations, ect. There are 128
   standard ASCII codes each of which can be represented by a
   7 digit binary number 0000000 through 1111111.

ATM - (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
   A method for the dynamic allocation of bandwidth using a
   fixed-size packet called a cell. ATM is also known as
   "Fast Packet".

AUP - (Acceptable Use Policy)
   Many Transit networks have policies which restrict the use to
   which the network may be put. A well known example is NSFNET's
   AUP which does not allow commercial use. Enforcement of AUP's
   vary with each network.

Authentication
   The verification of the identity of a person or process.

BackBone
   A high-speed line or a series of connections that forms a
   major pathway within a network. The term is reletive as a
   backbone in a small network will likely be much smaller
   than many non-backbone line in a large network.

Bandwidth
   How much stuff you can send through a connection. Usually
   measured in bits-per-second. A full page of English text
   is abot 16,000 bits. A fast modem can move about 57,000
   bits in one second. Full-motion full-screen videos would
   require roughly 10,000,000 bits-per-second, depending on
   compression.

Bang Path
   A series of machine names used to direct electronic mail
   from one user to another, typically by specifying an
   explicit UUCP path through which the mail is to be routed.

Baseband
   A transmission medium through which digital signals are
   sent without complicated frequency shifting, In general,
   only one communication channel is available at any given time.

Baud
   In common usage the baud rate of a modem is how many bits
   it can send or recieve per second. Technically, baud is the
   number of times per second that the carrier signal shifts
   value, for example, a 1200 bit-per- second modem actually
   runs at 300 baud, but it moves 4 bits-per-baud (4x300=1200
   bits-per-second).

BBS - (Bulletin Board System)
   A computerized meeting and announcement system that allows
   people to carry on discussions, upload and download files,
   and make   announcements without the people being connected
   to the computer at the same time. In the early 90's there
   were many thousands of BBS's around the world, most are very
   small, running on a single IBM clone PC with 1 or 2 phone
   lines. Some are very large and the line between a BBS and a
   system like AOL gets crossed at some point, but it is not
   clearly drawn.

Big-Endian
   A format for storage or transmission of binary data in which
   the most significant bit comes first.

Binary
   Information consisting entirely of ones and zeros. Also,
   commonly used to refer to files that are not simply text
   file, like images.

BinHex - (Binary Hexadecimal)
   A method for converting non-text files (non-ASCII) into
   ASCII. This is needed because internet email can only
   handle ASCII.

BIT - (Binary Digit)
   A single digit number in base-2. In other words, either
   a 1 or a 0. The smallest unit of computerized data.

BITNet- (Because It's Time Network)
   A network of educational sites seperate from the internet,
   but email is freely exchanged between BITNET and the
   internet. BITNET is probably the only international
   network that is shrinking.

BLOG - (Web Log)
   A blog is basically a journal that is available on the web.
   The activity of updating a blog is "blogging" and someone
   who keeps a blog is a "blogger". Blogs are typically updated
   daily using software that allows people with little or no
   technical background to update and maintain the blog.

Bounce
   The return of a piece of mail because of an error in its
   delivery.

BPS - (Bits-Per-Second)
   A measurement of how fast data is moved from one place to
   another. A 56K modem can move about 57,000 bits-per-second.

Bridge
   A device which forwards traffic between network segments
   based on datalink layer information. These segments would
   have a common network layer address.

Broadband
   A transmission medium capable of supporting a wide range of
   frequencies. It can carry multiple signals by dividing the
   total capacity of the medium into multiple, independent
   bandwidth channels, where wach channel operates only on a
   specific range of frequencies.

Broadcast
   A special type of multicast packet which all nodes on the
   network are always willing to recieve.

Browser
   A client program (software) that is used to look at various
   kinds of of internet resources, like web pages.

BTW - (By The Way)
   A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum.

Byte
   A set of Bits that represent a single character. Usually
   there are 8 bits in a byte, sometimes more, depending on
   how the measurement is being made.

CATP - (Caffeine Access Transfer Protocol)
   Common method of moving caffeine across wide area networks
   such as the Internet. CATP was first used at the Binary
   Cafe in Cybertown and quickly spread world wide.

Certificate Authority
   An issuer of Security Certificates used in SSL connections.

CGI - (Common Gateway Interface)
   A set of rules the describes how a web server communicates
   with another piece of software on the same machine, and how
   the other piece of software talks to the web server. Any
   piece of software can be a CGI program if it handles input
   and output according to the CGI Standard.

CGI-BIN
   The most common name of a directory on a web server in
   which CGI programs are strored.

Checksum
   A computed value which is dependent upon the contents of a
   packet. The value is sent along with the packet when it is
   transmitted. The receiving systems computes a new checksum
   based upon the received data and compares this value with
   the one sent with the packet.

Client
   A software program that is used to contact and obtain data
   from a server software program on another computer, often
   across a great distance. Each client program is designed
   to work with one or more specific kinds of server programs,
   and each server requires a specific kind of client. a web
   browser is a specific kind of client.

Circuit Switching
   A communications paradigm in which a dedicated communication
   path is established between two host, and on which all
   packets travel.

Co-Location
   Most often used to refer to having a server that belongs to
   one person or group located on an internet-connected network
   that belongs to another person or group. Usually this is done
   because the server owner wants their machine to be on a
   high-speed internet connection and/or they do not want the
   security risks of having the server on their own network.

Congestion
   Congestion occurs when the offered load exceeds the capacity
   of a data communication path.

Cookie
   The most common meaning of cookie on the internet refers to
   a piece of information sent by a web server to a web browser
   that the browser software is expected to save and to send back
   to the server whenever the browser makes additional requests
   from the server. Cookies might contain information such as
   login or registration information, online shopping cart
   information, user preferences, ect.

Core Gateway
   Historically, one of a set of gateways operated by the
   Internet Networks Operation Center. The core gateway system
   formed a central part of internet routing in that all groups
   must advertise paths to their networks from a core gateway.

Cracker
   A cracker is an individual who attempts to access computer
   systems without authorization. These individuals are often
   malicious, as opposed to hackers, and have many means at
   their disposal for breaking into a system.

CSS - (Cascading Style Sheet)
   A standard for specifying the appearance of text and other
   elements. CSS was developed for use with HTML in web pages
   but is also used in other situations, notably in applications
   built using XPFE. CSS is typically used to provide a single
   library of styles that are used over and over throughout a
   large number of related documents, as in a web site. A CSS
   file might specify that all numbered list are to appear in
   italic. By changing that single specification the look of a
   large number of documents can be easily changed.

CWIS - (Campus Wide Information System)
   A CWIS makes information and services publicly available on
   campus via kiosks, and makes interactive computing available
   via kiosks, interactive computing systems and campus networks.

Cyberpunk
   Cyberpunk was originally a cultural sub-genre of science
   fiction taking place in a not-so-distant, over-industrialized
   society. The term grew out of the work of William Gibson and
   Bruce Sterling and has evolved into a cultural label
   encommassing many different kinds of human, machine, and punk
   attitudes. It includes clothing and lifestyle choices as well.

Cyberspace
   Term originated by author William Gibson in his novel
   Neuromancer. The word Cyberspace is currently used to
   describe the whole range of information resources available
   through computer networks.

DEK - (Data Encryption Key)
   Used for the encryption of message text and for the
   computation of message integrity checks.

DCE - (Distributed Computing Enviotromant)
   An architecture of standard programming interfaces,
   conventions, and server functionalities for distributing
   applications transparently accross networks of
   heterogeneous computers.

Digerati
   The digital version of Literati, it is a reference to a
   vague cloud of people seen to be knowledgable, hip, or
   otherwise in-the-know in regards to the digital revolution.

Distributed Database
   A collection of several different repositories that look
   like a single database to the user. An example on the
   internet is the Domain Name system.

Domain Name
   The unique name that identifies an internet site. Domain
   names always have two or more parts, seperated by a dot.
   The part on the left is the most specific, and the part
   on the right is the most general. A given machine may have
   more than one domain name but but a given domain name
   points to only one machine.

Download
   Transferring data (Usually a file) from another computer
   to your computer.

DSL - (Digital Subscriber Line)
   A method of moving data over regular phone lines. A DSL
   circuit is much faster than a regular phone connection,
   and the wires coming into the subscribers premises are
   the same wires used for regular phone lines. A DSL
   circuit must be configured to connect two specific
   locations, similar to a leased line.

Email - (Electronic Mail)
   Messages, usually text, sent from one person to another
   via computer. Email can also be sent automatically to a
   large number of addresses.

Encryption
   Encryption is the manipulation of a packets data in order
   to prevent anyone but the intended recipient from reading
   the data. There are many types of data encryption, and they
   are the basis of network security.

Ethernet
   A very common method of networking computers on a LAN.
   There is more than one type of ethernet. The standard
   type is 100-BaseT which can handle about 10,000,000
   bits-per-second and can be used with almost any computer.

Extranet
   An Intranet that is accesible to to computers that are not
   physically part of a companies own private network, but that
   is not accesible to the general public.

FAQ - (Frequently Asked Questions)
   FAQ's are documents that list and answer the most common
   questions on a particular subject. FAQ's ar usually
   written by people who have tired of answering the same
   questions over and over.

FDDI - (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)
   A standard for transmitting data on optical fiber cables
   at a rate of around 100,000,000 bits-per=second (10 times
   as fast as 10-BaseTEthernet, about twice as fast as T-3).

Finger
   An internet software tool for looking people up on other
   internet sites. Finger is also sometimes used to give
   access to non-personal information, but the most common
   use is to see if a person has an account at a particular
   internet site. Most internet sites do not all Finger
   requests, but some do.

File Transfer
   The copying of a file from one computer to another over a
   computer network.

Fire Wall
   A combination of hardware and software that seperates a
   network into two or more parts for security purposes.

Flame
   Originally Flame meant to carry forth in a passionate manner
   in the spirit of honable debate. Flames most often involved
   the use of flowery language and flaming well was an art form.
   More recently Flame has come to refer to any kind of
   derogatory comment no matter how witless or crude.

Flame War
   When an online discussion degenerates into a series of
   personal attacks against the debators, rather than
   discussion of their positions.

Fragment
   A piece of a packet. When a router is forwarding an IP
   packet to a network that has a maximum packet size smaller
   than the packet size, it is forced to break up that packet
   into multiple fragments. These fragments will be reassembled
   by the IP layer at the destination host.

Frame
   A frame is a datalink layer packet which contains the header
   and trailer information required by the physical medium.
   That is, network layer packets are encapsulated to become
   frames.

FTP - (File Transfer Protocol)
   A very common method of moving files between two internet
   sites. FTP is a way to login to another internet site for
   the purpose of retrieving and/or sending files. FTP was
   invented and in wide use before the advent of the World
   Wide Web and originally was always used from a text-only
   interface.

Gateway
   The technical meaning is a hardware or software setup that
   translates between two dissimilar protocols. Another
   meaning of Gateway is to describe any mechanism for
   providing access to another system.

GIF - (Graphic Interchange Format)
   A common format  for image files, especially suitable for
   images containing large areas of the same color. GIF format
   files of simple images are often smaller than the same file
   would be if it is stored in JPEG format, but GIF format
   does not store photographic images as well as JPEG format.

Gigabyte
   1000 or 1024 Megabytes, depending on who s measuring.

Gopher
   Invented at the University of Minnesota in 1993 just before
   the web, gopher was a widely successful method of making
   menus of material available over the internet. Gopher was
   designed to be much easier to use than FTP, while still
   using a text-only interface.

Hacker
   A person who delights in having an intimate understanding
   of the internal workings of a system, computers and
   computer networks in particular. The term is often
   misused in a perjorative context, where Cracker would
   be the correct term.

Header
   The portion of a packet, preceding the actual data,
   containing source and destination addresses, end error
   checking and other fields. A header is also the part of
   an electronic mail message that precedes the body of a
   message and contains, among other things, the message
   originator, date, and time.

Hit
   As used in reference to the world wibe web, Hit means
   a single request from a web browser for a single item
   from a web server, thus in order for a web browser to
   display a page that contains three graphics, 4 Hits
   would occur at the server, 1 for the HTML page and 3
   for the graphics.

Homepage
   Homepage has several Meanings. Orginally, the web page
   that your browser is set to use when it starts up. The
   more common meaning refers to the main web page for a
   business, organization, person, or simply the main page
   out of a collection of web pages.

Host
   Any computer on a network that is a repository for
   services available to other computer on the same network.
   It is quite common to have one host machine provide
   several services, such as email and web.

HTML - (HyperText MarkUp Language)
   The coding language used to create hypertext documents
   for use on the world wibe web. HTML looks a lot like
   old-fashioned typesetting code, where you surround a
   block of text with codes that indicate how it should appear.

HTTP - (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
   The protocol for moving hypertext files across the internet.
   Requires a HTTP client program on one end, and an HTTP
   server program on the other end. HTTP is the most important
   protocol used in the world wide web.

Hub
   A device connected to several other devices. In ARCnet, a
   hub is used to connect several computers together. In a
   message handling service, a hub is used for the transfer
   of messages across the network.

Hypertext
   Generally, any text that contains links to other documents -
   words or phrases in the document that can be chosen by a
   reader and which cause other documents to be retrieved
   and displayed.

IETF - (Internet Engineering Task Force)
   The IETF is a large group, open community of network
   designers, operators, venders, and researchers whose
   purpose is to coordinate the operation, management,
   and evolution of the internet, and to resolve
   short-range and mid-range protocol and architectural
   issues. It is a major source of proposals for protocol
   standards which are submitted to the LAB for final
   approval.

IMAP - (Internet Message Access Protocol)
   IMAP is gradually replacing POP as the main protocol
   used by email clients in communicating with email
   servers. Using IMAP, an email client program can not
   only retrieve email but can also manipulate messages
   stored on a server, without having to actually retrieve
   the messages. So, messages can be deleted, have their
   status changed, multiple mail box can be managhed, ect.

IMHO - (In My Humble Opinion)
   A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online
   forum, IMHO indicates that the writer is aware that
   they are expressing a debatable view, probably on a
   subject already under discussion.

internet - (Lower Case "i")
   Any time you connect two or more networks together, you
   have an internet, as in inter-national or inter-state.

Internet - (Upper Case "i")
   The vast collection of Inter-connected networks that are
   connected using the TCP/IP protocols and that evolved
   from the Arpanet of the late 60's and early 70's.

Interoperability
   The ability of software and hardware on multiple machines
   from multiple vendors to communicate meaningfully.

Intranet
   A private network inside a company or organization that
   uses the same kinds of software that you would find on
   the public internet, but that is only for internal use.

IP Number - (Internet Protocol Number)
   Sometimes called a dotted quad. A unique number
   consisting of four parts seperated by dots. Every
   machine that is on the internet has a unique IP number.

IRC - (Internet Relay Chat)
   Basically a huge multi-user live chat facility. There
   are a number of major IRC servers around the world which
   are linked to each other. Anyone can create a channel
   and anything that anyone types in a given channel is seen
   by all others in the channel.

ISDN - (Intergrated Services Digital Network)
   Basically a way to move more data over existing regular
   phone lines. It can provide speeds of rouhgly 128,00
   bits-per-second over regular phone lines. Unlike DSL,
   ISDN can be used to connect to many different locations,
   one at a time, just like a regualr phone call, as long as
   the other location also has ISDN.

ISP - (Internet Service Provider)
   An institution that provides access to the interent in
   some form.